🕉️ Sugandha/Sunanda Shakti Peetha 🕉️
The Nose Peetha — Where Maa Sunanda Dwells on the Banks of the Sonda River
📍 Shikarpur, Barisal District, Bangladesh
📜 Explore This Sacred Guide
1. Introduction
On the serene banks of the Sonda River (also known as the Sugandha River) in the village of Shikarpur, about 10 miles north of Barisal in Bangladesh, stands the ancient Sugandha Shakti Peetha — one of the 51 sacred seats of the Divine Mother. This temple is dedicated to Maa Sunanda, and tradition holds that it is here the nose (Nasika) of Sati fell to earth, making it the Nose Peetha.
Sugandha is counted among the 51 Shakti Peethas, and the Goddess here is worshipped as Maa Sunanda, while her Bhairava is Tryambak (also called Traimbak). The temple is located in a region rich with ancient Shakta traditions, and the name "Sugandha" itself means "fragrance" in Sanskrit, a reference to the nose.
What makes Sugandha truly extraordinary is its deep connection to the river and rural Bengali heritage. The temple complex is made of stone with intricate carvings of gods and goddesses, reflecting ancient craftsmanship. The tranquil atmosphere, the flowing river, and the surrounding greenery create a spiritually charged environment that has drawn devotees for centuries.
2. The Tale Behind the Peetha
The origin of the Shakti Peethas is rooted in the tragic yet profound story of Sati, the daughter of King Daksha and the first consort of Lord Shiva.
Against Shiva's wishes, Sati attended a grand Yagna (fire sacrifice) organised by her father, where Shiva was deliberately insulted and excluded. Unable to bear the humiliation of her beloved, Sati immolated herself in the sacrificial fire. Grief-stricken and enraged, Lord Shiva lifted her lifeless body and began the Tandava — the dance of cosmic destruction that threatened to annihilate the universe.
To save creation, Lord Vishnu used his Sudarshan Chakra to dismember Sati's body. As her limbs fell across the Indian subcontinent, each spot became a Shakti Peetha — a seat of the Goddess's eternal presence. The number of Peethas is traditionally counted as 51, though some texts mention 52 or 108.
At Shikarpur, it is believed that the nose (Nasika) of Sati fell to earth. The Goddess here is worshipped as Maa Sunanda — the one who grants fulfilment of wishes and spiritual grace. The Annada Mangal by the poet Bharatchandra states: “Sugandhaye nasika porilo chakrahata. Tryambak Bhairav tahe Sunanda debata.” — At Sugandha, the nose fell by the chakra's stroke; Tryambak is the Bhairava, and Sunanda is the Goddess.
Local legend adds another layer: a wealthy zamindar named Shriram Ray of Shikarpur saw Lord Shiva in a dream commanding him to seek Him. Following the dream, he discovered a Shiva-linga emerging from a mound in the forest. When he could not move the linga, Lord Shiva appeared again and instructed him to establish the shrine right there, without any covering over His abode.
3. Goddess & Her Specialty
Maa Sunanda is worshipped as the Goddess of fulfilment of wishes, protection, and spiritual grace. She is the embodiment of Shakti — the divine feminine power that grants boons and protects her devotees. At Sugandha, she is revered as a form of Goddess Kali and as the consort of Tryambak Bhairava.
- Form: The Goddess is worshipped in the form of a stone idol retrieved from the Sugandha River by a devout Brahmin named Panchanan Chakrabarti, following a divine dream.
- Name Meaning: "Sugandha" means "fragrance" — a reference to the nose, which fell at this sacred spot. "Sunanda" means "the joyful one" or "the blissful one."
- Bhairava: The Bhairava of this Peetha is Tryambak (also called Traimbak), whose temple is in Ponabalia, located about 5 miles south of Jhalkati rail station.
- Specialty: Fulfilment of desires, protection, and spiritual awakening. Devotees believe that sincere worship at this Peetha grants the fulfilment of all wishes.
- Festivals: Shiva Chaturdashi (the 14th moon of March), Navaratri, and Durga Puja.
"Sugandhaye nasika porilo chakrahata, Tryambak Bhairav tahe Sunanda debata" — At Sugandha, the nose fell by the chakra's stroke; Tryambak is the Bhairava, and Sunanda is the Goddess.
4. The Shakti Peetha Legacy
Sugandha is one of the 51 Shakti Peethas and is one of the most revered shrines of Shaktism in Bangladesh. The temple is counted among the seven Shakti Peethas located in Bangladesh.
- Sugandha (Shikarpur, Bangladesh): Nasika — the nose of Sati fell here. The shrine of Maa Sunanda.
- Kamakhya (Assam): Yoni khanda — the womb of Sati fell here.
- Kalighat (West Bengal): Dakshina Pada — the right toe of Sati fell here.
- Taratarini (Odisha): Stana khanda — the breasts of Sati fell here.
The Pithanirnaya Tantra lists Sugandha as the third Peetha among the 51, with the nose as the body part, Sunanda as the Devi, and Tryambaka as the Bhairava. The shrine is also mentioned in the Shivacharita and other sacred texts.
5. Tantric & Shakta Significance
Sugandha has been a living centre of Shakta and Tantric worship for centuries. The temple is deeply revered by devotees who come to seek the blessings of Maa Sunanda for protection, fulfilment, and spiritual grace.
The nose is central to the Shakta tradition — it represents the faculty of Prana (life breath) and the power of discrimination. Sugandha is thus considered a Peetha of divine fragrance and spiritual discernment, where sincere prayers are answered.
The temple has historically been associated with the Barisal region's Shakta traditions. The legend of the zamindar Shriram Ray and the Brahmin Panchanan Chakrabarti reflects the deep-rooted devotional heritage of the area. The temple remains a powerful symbol of the region's spiritual civilization.
A unique feature of Sugandha is its connection to the river. The Sugandha River is considered holy, and the temple's location on its banks adds to the spiritual significance. Devotees believe that bathing in the river and worshipping at the temple grants purification and blessings.
6. Shiva Chaturdashi & Festivals
Shiva Chaturdashi is the most important festival at Sugandha Shakti Peetha, celebrated with immense devotion and grandeur. The festival is observed on the 14th moon of March, and the temple comes alive with elaborate decorations, special rituals, and night-long prayers.
Navaratri and Durga Puja are also celebrated with great fervour. During these festivals, the temple and the surrounding village take on a festive atmosphere, with devotees participating in night-long prayers and cultural events.
- Shiva Chaturdashi: The grandest celebration — special rituals and night-long prayers on the 14th moon of March.
- Navaratri: Nine nights of special worship and devotion.
- Durga Puja: The temple is packed with devotees, and special pujas are performed.
- Daily Rituals: The temple performs daily worship, including bhog (food offerings) and aarti.
During Shiva Chaturdashi, the air around Shikarpur echoes with chants of "Jai Maa Sunanda," and the Goddess's presence is felt most powerfully.
7. Temple History
The Sugandha Shakti Peetha has a rich history spanning centuries, marked by divine dreams, discovery legends, and enduring faith.
- Ancient Origins: The shrine is believed to be one of the oldest centres of Mother Goddess worship in the Bengal region. The temple was constructed in very olden times, as can be made out from the looks of the temple.
- Shriram Ray's Dream: A wealthy zamindar named Shriram Ray of Shikarpur saw Lord Shiva in a dream commanding him to seek Him. Following the dream, he discovered a Shiva-linga emerging from a mound in the forest. When he could not move the linga, Lord Shiva appeared again and instructed him to establish the shrine right there.
- Panchanan Chakrabarti: A devout Brahmin named Panchanan Chakrabarti lived in Shikarpur. One night, Goddess Kali appeared to him in a dream and said, "I dwell in the womb of the Sugandha River in stone form. Bring Me out and establish My worship." Chakrabarti followed the instructions, retrieved the stone idol, and initiated daily worship.
- Bhairav Tryambak Temple: The Bhairava of this Peetha, Tryambak, has his temple in Ponabalia, located about 5 miles south of Jhalkati rail station. Ponabalia is under the village Shamrail, situated on the bank of the river Sunanda.
- Modern Era: The temple remains a living centre of Shakta worship, drawing devotees from across Bangladesh and India. It is especially revered by the Bengali Hindu community.
8. Architecture & Deity Form
The Sugandha Temple reflects a unique blend of Bengal and regional architectural styles, with its stone construction and sacred atmosphere.
- Main Sanctum: The Goddess is worshipped in the form of a stone idol retrieved from the Sugandha River. The idol is adorned with sacred ornaments and offerings.
- Architecture: The temple is made of stone, with images and statues of gods and goddesses engraved on its walls. The sculptures present are mesmerizing and reflect ancient craftsmanship.
- Marble Shine: The shine of the marble the temple is constructed of, and its reflection on the water of the river, is a sight that devotees do not want to miss.
- Bhairav Temple: The temple of Bhairav Tryambak is situated in Ponabaliya, on the western bank of the river, while the Devi Peeth is on the eastern bank.
- Surroundings: The temple is set in a serene, green environment on the banks of the Sonda River. The tranquil atmosphere adds to the spiritual significance of the location.
9. Ancient References
The Sugandha Peetha is mentioned across many sacred texts, reflecting its enduring significance in Hindu and Shakta tradition:
- Pithanirnaya Tantra: Lists Sugandha as the third Peetha among the 51, with the nose as the body part, Sunanda as the Devi, and Tryambaka as the Bhairava.
- Annada Mangal by Bharatchandra: States: "Sugandhaye nasika porilo chakrahata. Tryambak Bhairav tahe Sunanda debata."
- Shivacharita: Mentions 51 Shakti Peethas along with 26 Upapeethas, and lists Sugandha among the sacred sites.
- Kubjika Tantra: Lists 42 Shakta Pithas, including Sugandha.
- Local Legends: The stories of Shriram Ray's dream and Panchanan Chakrabarti's divine vision.
10. Travel & Tour Guide
Planning a pilgrimage to Sugandha Shakti Peetha? Here is everything you need to know:
🚆 How to Reach
- By Air: The nearest airport is Barisal Airport in Bangladesh. Kolkata Airport in India is another option, with road connectivity via the Benapole border.
- By Train: The nearest railway station is Jhalakati Railway Station, about 5 miles from the Bhairav temple in Ponabalia. From Barisal, local transport is available.
- By Road: Shikarpur is about 10 miles north of Barisal city. From Barisal, several local transports ply towards this region, and it is easier to reach because of the presence of a highway nearby.
- From India: Pilgrims from India can cross the Benapole border and travel by road to Barisal. A valid passport and visa are required.
🕒 Temple Timings (2026)
- Temple Opens: 6:00 AM
- Morning Darshan: 6:00 AM – 12:00 PM
- Afternoon Break: 12:00 PM – 4:00 PM
- Evening Darshan: 4:00 PM – 6:00 PM
- Timings may vary on festivals. Check locally for current darshan hours.
🎟️ Darshan Options
- General Darshan: Free for all devotees.
- Special Darshan: Available during festivals. Check with temple authorities.
- Note: During Shiva Chaturdashi and Navaratri, expect large crowds and special rituals. Plan accordingly.
👗 Dress Code & Tips
- Dress Modestly: Traditional or modest clothing is recommended.
- Footwear: Not allowed inside the temple. Leave them at the designated stands.
- Carry: Water bottles, light snacks, and a cloth bag for offerings.
- Photography: Check locally for current rules. Be respectful of the sacred space.
- Documents: Valid passport and visa are necessary for Indian pilgrims visiting Bangladesh.
📅 Best Time to Visit
- October to March: Pleasant weather, ideal for travel.
- Shiva Chaturdashi (March): The most grand and powerful time.
- Navaratri (March–April and September–October): Nine nights of special worship.
- Weekdays: Less crowded than weekends and festival days.
🏨 Where to Stay
- Barisal city offers a range of hotels and guesthouses for all budgets.
- Basic dharamshalas are available near the temple in Shikarpur.
- Book in advance during Shiva Chaturdashi and Navaratri, as accommodations fill up quickly.
📌 Special Offerings & Rituals
- Red Flowers & Sindoor: Devotees offer red flowers, sindoor, and coconuts to Maa Sunanda.
- Prasad: Blessed food is distributed to devotees.
- Daily Aarti: The temple performs daily aarti with special offerings.
- River Bath: Devotees take a ritual bath in the Sugandha River before darshan.
- Shiva Chaturdashi Puja: Special pujas are performed during the festival.
11. FAQs
What is a Shakti Peetha?
A Shakti Peetha is a sacred site where a part of Goddess Sati's body fell after Lord Vishnu dismembered her to calm Lord Shiva's Tandava. Each site is a powerful seat of the Divine Mother. There are traditionally 51 Shakti Peethas, though some texts mention 52 or 108.
Why is Sugandha unique among Shakti Peethas?
Sugandha is the shrine where the nose of Sati fell. The name "Sugandha" itself means "fragrance," a reference to the nose. The temple is located on the banks of the Sonda River, and its stone architecture with intricate carvings is a unique feature.
Who is Maa Sunanda?
Maa Sunanda is the Goddess of fulfilment and protection, worshipped as a form of Goddess Kali. Her name means "the joyful one" or "the blissful one." She is worshipped in the form of a stone idol retrieved from the Sugandha River. Her Bhairava is Tryambak.
What is the best time to visit Sugandha Shakti Peetha?
October to March offers pleasant weather. Shiva Chaturdashi (March) is the most grand and powerful time. Navaratri (March–April and September–October) is also a major celebration. Weekdays are less crowded than weekends and festival days.
How do I reach Sugandha Shakti Peetha from India?
Pilgrims from India can cross the Benapole border and travel by road to Barisal, then to Shikarpur. The nearest airport is Barisal Airport in Bangladesh. The nearest railway station is Jhalakati. A valid passport and visa are required.
Is there an idol of Maa Sunanda?
The Goddess is worshipped in the form of a stone idol retrieved from the Sugandha River by the Brahmin Panchanan Chakrabarti, following a divine dream. The idol is adorned with sacred ornaments and offerings.
What is the significance of the Sugandha River?
The Sugandha River (also called Sonda) is considered holy by devotees. The temple is located on its banks, and its reflection on the water adds to the spiritual atmosphere. Devotees take a ritual bath in the river before darshan.
Who is the Bhairava of Sugandha Peetha?
The Bhairava of this Peetha is Tryambak (also called Traimbak). His temple is in Ponabalia, located about 5 miles south of Jhalkati rail station, on the western bank of the river, while the Devi Peeth is on the eastern bank.
Can non-Hindus visit the temple?
The temple is generally open to all visitors. However, it is best to check locally or with temple authorities for current rules regarding entry to the inner sanctum. Be respectful of local customs and traditions.
What is the history of the Sugandha Temple?
The temple has ancient origins with references in Tantric texts. A zamindar named Shriram Ray discovered a Shiva-linga in a mound following a divine dream. The Brahmin Panchanan Chakrabarti retrieved the stone idol of the Goddess from the Sugandha River after a dream. The temple was constructed in very olden times, as can be made out from its looks.
🌺 Jai Maa Sunanda 🌺
May the Divine Mother bless you with fulfilment of desires, protection, and spiritual grace. May her sacred shrine on the banks of the Sonda River continue to guide seekers toward liberation for generations to come.
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